{"id":38206,"date":"2026-05-29T21:01:18","date_gmt":"2026-05-29T21:01:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/volity.io\/non-classifiee\/what-is-short-selling-stocks\/"},"modified":"2026-05-29T21:01:25","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T21:01:25","slug":"what-is-short-selling-stocks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/volity.io\/fr\/glossaire\/what-is-short-selling-stocks\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu&rsquo;est-ce que la vente \u00e0 d\u00e9couvert"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Comment \u00e7a fonctionne<\/h2>\n<p>Le broker du trader localise des actions \u00e0 emprunter (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement depuis le compte sur marge d&rsquo;un autre client). Les actions sont vendues sur le march\u00e9, et le produit sert de collat\u00e9ral. Pour cl\u00f4turer, le trader rach\u00e8te les actions et les retourne au pr\u00eateur. Le trader paye des frais d&#8217;emprunt pour la dur\u00e9e du short, plus tout dividende que les actions emprunt\u00e9es paient. Les titres difficiles \u00e0 emprunter peuvent porter des taux d&#8217;emprunt de 50 \u00e0 200 pour cent annualis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<h2>Exemple<\/h2>\n<p>Un trader shorte 100 actions de XYZ \u00e0 80 $. Si XYZ tombe \u00e0 60 $, cl\u00f4turer le short capture 20 $ \u00d7 100 = 2 000 $ de profit, moins les frais d&#8217;emprunt. Si XYZ monte \u00e0 120 $, cl\u00f4turer \u00e0 120 $ co\u00fbte 40 $ \u00d7 100 = 4 000 $ de perte, plus que le produit de la vente initiale. Si XYZ monte \u00e0 200 $ (pensez GameStop janvier 2021), les pertes sur 100 actions = 12 000 $ sur une position initiale de 8 000 $. L&rsquo;asym\u00e9trie est fondamentale : la hausse est plafonn\u00e9e \u00e0 100 pour cent, la baisse est non born\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<h2>Pourquoi c&rsquo;est important<\/h2>\n<p>La vente \u00e0 d\u00e9couvert ajoute de la d\u00e9couverte de prix et aide \u00e0 d\u00e9gonfler les bulles, mais porte des risques uniques. Les short squeezes (rallyes brusques d\u00e9clench\u00e9s quand les shorts doivent couvrir) peuvent \u00eatre catastrophiques. L&#8217;emprunt peut \u00eatre rappel\u00e9 (couverture forc\u00e9e) \u00e0 tout moment. Les r\u00e9gulateurs interdisent occasionnellement la vente \u00e0 d\u00e9couvert sur certains titres ou secteurs en stress, ce qui supprime la capacit\u00e9 de g\u00e9rer le risque. La plupart des traders retail devraient utiliser des options put ou des ETF invers\u00e9s pour l&rsquo;exposition \u00e0 la baisse plut\u00f4t que la vente \u00e0 d\u00e9couvert nue : le profil de risque est born\u00e9 et la complexit\u00e9 op\u00e9rationnelle plus faible.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Comment \u00e7a fonctionne Le broker du trader localise des actions \u00e0 emprunter (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement depuis le compte sur marge d&rsquo;un autre client). Les [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":38399,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"custom_schema":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[258],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38206","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-glossaire"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Qu&#039;est-ce que la vente \u00e0 d\u00e9couvert<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La vente \u00e0 d\u00e9couvert emprunte des actions pour vendre, esp\u00e9rant racheter moins cher. 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